![]() ![]() The AVHRR was initially designed to observe clouds, surface temperature, and vegetation globally but was quickly expanded for use in a variety of applications including monitoring fire and volcanic eruptions, radiation budget, aerosols, snow, and ice. A schematic of AVHRR instrument is illustrated in Fig. 1. Since each AVHRR channel has a single detector, the image is formed through cross-track scanning coupled with satellite motion in the along-track direction. ![]() ![]() For AVHRR/3 series on NOAA-15 since 1998 and afterward and on all METOP satellites, it has also included a channel at 1.6 μm, although only one of the 3.7 μm or the 1.6 μm channel is available at any given time ( NCDC, 2007). The AVHRR instrument was originally built by the ITT Industries in Fort Wayne, IN, and it has evolved over the years from AVHRR/1 series with four channels (0.63, 0.86, 3.7, and 11 μm) since 1978 on TIROS-N and NOAA-6/8/10 to AVHRR/2 series with an addition of the 12 μm channel since 1981 on NOAA-7/9/11/12/13/14 ( Cracknell, 1997). ![]()
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